Jason TOEFL class

Reflection in Teaching Teachers, it is thought, benefit from the practice of reflection, the conscious act of thinking deeply about and carefully examining the interactions and events within their own classrooms. Educators T. Wildman and J. Niles (1987) describe a scheme for developing reflective practice in experienced teachers. This was justified by the view that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching. Wildman and Niles were particularly interested in investigating the conditions under which reflection might flourish –a subject on which there is little guidance in the literature. They designed an experimental strategy for a group of teachers in Virginia and worked with 40 practicing teachers over several years. They were concerned that many would be “drawn to these new, refreshing” ...

Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast It has long been accepted that the Americas were colonized by a migration of peoples from Asia, slowly traveling across a land bridge called Beringia (now the Bering Strait between northeastern Asia and Alaska) during the last Ice Age. [■] The first water craft theory about the migration was that around 11,000-12,000 years ago there was an ice-free corridor stretching from eastern Beringia to the areas of North America south of the great northern glaciers. It was the midcontinental corridor between two massive ice sheets-the Laurentide to the west-that enabled the southward migration. [■] But belief in this ice-free corridor began to crumble when paleoecologist Glen MacDonald demonstrated that some of the most important radiocarbon dates used to support the existence of an ice-free corridor were incorrect. [■] He persuasively argued that such an ice-free corridor did not exist until much later, when the continental ice began its f...

Do you agree or disagree with the following idea: To be successful in business, people have to accept initial failures. Use specific reasons and examples for your answer. Sample essay Our life is not simple; there are many dangers and challenges that cause failures to us. When we start something new, there are a lot of problems in so much as we do not know these ones well. Although, we want to avoid failing, it may come to us any time. We certainly do our best but if failures come, I think it is not too bad. I mean failures teach us valuable lessons; failures not only help us to have a stronger will, but they also provide us with experiences. This leads us to be successful in business. To begin with, failures give us a will of iron. When we fail initially, we obviously become terribly hopeless and upset. Also, we may not want to do anything else, because we fear that we collapse again. These things happen naturally, but after that we feel that there is n...

Running Water on Mars Photographic evidence suggests that liquid water once existed in great quantity on the surface of Mars. Two types of flow features are seen: runoff channels and outflow channels. Runoff channels are found in the southern highlands. These flow features are extensive systems—sometimes hundreds of kilometers in total length—of interconnecting, twisting channels that seem to merge into larger, wider channels. They bear a strong resemblance to river systems on Earth, and geologists think that they are dried-up beds of long-gone rivers that once carried rainfall on Mars from the mountains down into the valleys. Runoff channels on Mars speak of a time 4 billion years ago (the age of the Martian highlands), when the atmosphere was thicker, the surface warmer, and liquid water widespread. Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. [■] They appear only in equatorial regions and generally do not form extensive interconnected...